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EMACS(1) EMACS(1)
N✓NA✓AM✓ME✓E
emacs - GNU project Emacs
S✓SY✓YN✓NO✓OP✓PS✓SI✓IS✓S
e✓em✓ma✓ac✓cs✓s [ _✓c_✓o_✓m_✓m_✓a_✓n_✓d_✓-_✓l_✓i_✓n_✓e _✓s_✓w_✓i_✓t_✓c_✓h_✓e_✓s ] [ _✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e _✓._✓._✓. ]
D✓DE✓ES✓SC✓CR✓RI✓IP✓PT✓TI✓IO✓ON✓N
_✓G_✓N_✓U _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s is a new version of _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s_✓, written by the author
of the original (PDP-10) _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s_✓, Richard Stallman. Its
user functionality encompasses everything other _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s edi-
tors do, and it is easily extensible since its editing
commands are written in Lisp.
_✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s has an extensive interactive help facility, but the
facility assumes that you know how to manipulate _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s
windows and buffers. CTRL-h (backspace or CTRL-h) enters
the Help facility. Help Tutorial (CTRL-h t) requests an
interactive tutorial which can teach beginners the funda-
mentals of _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s in a few minutes. Help Apropos (CTRL-h
a) helps you find a command given its functionality, Help
Character (CTRL-h c) describes a given character's effect,
and Help Function (CTRL-h f) describes a given Lisp func-
tion specified by name.
_✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s_✓'_✓s Undo can undo several steps of modification to
your buffers, so it is easy to recover from editing mis-
takes.
_✓G_✓N_✓U _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s_✓'_✓s many special packages handle mail reading
(RMail) and sending (Mail), outline editing (Outline),
compiling (Compile), running subshells within _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s win-
dows (Shell), running a Lisp read-eval-print loop (Lisp-
Interaction-Mode), and automated psychotherapy (Doctor).
There is an extensive reference manual, but users of other
Emacses should have little trouble adapting even without a
copy. Users new to _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s will be able to use basic fea-
tures fairly rapidly by studying the tutorial and using
the self-documentation features.
Emacs Options
The following options are of general interest:
_✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e Edit _✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e_✓.
+✓+_✓n_✓u_✓m_✓b_✓e_✓r Go to the line specified by _✓n_✓u_✓m_✓b_✓e_✓r (do not insert
a space between the "+" sign and the number).
-✓-q✓q Do not load an init file.
-✓-u✓u _✓u_✓s_✓e_✓r Load _✓u_✓s_✓e_✓r_✓'_✓s init file.
-✓-t✓t _✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e Use specified _✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e as the terminal instead of
1990 November 13 1
EMACS(1) EMACS(1)
using stdin/stdout. This must be the first argu-
ment specified in the command line.
The following options are lisp-oriented (these options are
processed in the order encountered):
-✓-f✓f _✓f_✓u_✓n_✓c_✓t_✓i_✓o_✓n
Execute the lisp function _✓f_✓u_✓n_✓c_✓t_✓i_✓o_✓n_✓.
-✓-l✓l _✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e Load the lisp code in the file _✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e_✓.
The following options are useful when running _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s as a
batch editor:
-✓-b✓ba✓at✓tc✓ch✓h _✓c_✓o_✓m_✓m_✓a_✓n_✓d_✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e
Edit in batch mode using the commands found in
_✓c_✓o_✓m_✓m_✓a_✓n_✓d_✓f_✓i_✓l_✓e_✓. The editor will send messages to
stdout. This option must be the first in the
argument list.
-✓-k✓ki✓il✓ll✓l Exit _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s while in batch mode.
Using Emacs with X
_✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s has been tailored to work well with the X window
system. If you run _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s from under X windows, it will
create its own X window to display in. You will probably
want to start the editor as a background process so that
you can continue using your original window.
_✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s can be started with the following X switches:
-✓-r✓rn✓n _✓n_✓a_✓m_✓e
Specifies the program name which should be used
when looking up defaults in the user's X
resources. This must be the first option speci-
fied in the command line.
-✓-w✓wn✓n _✓n_✓a_✓m_✓e
Specifies the name which should be assigned to the
_✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s window.
-✓-r✓r Display the _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s window in reverse video.
-✓-i✓i Use the "kitchen sink" bitmap icon when iconifying
the _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s window.
-✓-f✓fo✓on✓nt✓t _✓f_✓o_✓n_✓t_✓, -✓-f✓fn✓n _✓f_✓o_✓n_✓t
Set the _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s window's font to that specified by
_✓f_✓o_✓n_✓t_✓. You will find the various _✓X fonts in the
_✓/_✓u_✓s_✓r_✓/_✓l_✓i_✓b_✓/_✓X_✓1_✓1_✓/_✓f_✓o_✓n_✓t_✓s directory. Note that _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s
will only accept fixed width fonts. Under the X11
Release 4 font-naming conventions, any font with
the value "m" or "c" in the eleventh field of the
1990 November 13 2
EMACS(1) EMACS(1)
font name is a fixed width font. Furthermore,
fonts whose name are of the form _✓w_✓i_✓d_✓t_✓hx_✓h_✓e_✓i_✓g_✓h_✓t are
generally fixed width, as is the font _✓f_✓i_✓x_✓e_✓d. See
_✓x_✓l_✓s_✓f_✓o_✓n_✓t_✓s(1) for more information.
When you specify a font, be sure to put a space
between the switch and the font name.
-✓-b✓b _✓p_✓i_✓x_✓e_✓l_✓s
Set the _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s window's border width to the number
of pixels specified by _✓p_✓i_✓x_✓e_✓l_✓s_✓. Defaults to one
pixel on each side of the window.
-✓-i✓ib✓b _✓p_✓i_✓x_✓e_✓l_✓s
Set the window's internal border width to the num-
ber of pixels specified by _✓p_✓i_✓x_✓e_✓l_✓s_✓. Defaults to
one pixel of padding on each side of the window.
-✓-w✓w _✓g_✓e_✓o_✓m_✓e_✓t_✓r_✓y_✓, -✓-g✓ge✓eo✓om✓me✓et✓tr✓ry✓y _✓g_✓e_✓o_✓m_✓e_✓t_✓r_✓y
Set the _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s window's width, height, and position
as specified. The geometry specification is in
the standard X format; see _✓X(1) for more informa-
tion. The width and height are specified in char-
acters; the default is 80 by 24.
-✓-f✓fg✓g _✓c_✓o_✓l_✓o_✓r
On color displays, sets the color of the text.
See the file _✓/_✓u_✓s_✓r_✓/_✓l_✓i_✓b_✓/_✓X_✓1_✓1_✓/_✓r_✓g_✓b_✓._✓t_✓x_✓t for a list of
valid color names.
-✓-b✓bg✓g _✓c_✓o_✓l_✓o_✓r
On color displays, sets the color of the window's
background.
-✓-b✓bd✓d _✓c_✓o_✓l_✓o_✓r
On color displays, sets the color of the window's
border.
-✓-c✓cr✓r _✓c_✓o_✓l_✓o_✓r
On color displays, sets the color of the window's
text cursor.
-✓-m✓ms✓s _✓c_✓o_✓l_✓o_✓r
On color displays, sets the color of the window's
mouse cursor.
-✓-d✓d _✓d_✓i_✓s_✓p_✓l_✓a_✓y_✓n_✓a_✓m_✓e_✓, -✓-d✓di✓is✓sp✓pl✓la✓ay✓y _✓d_✓i_✓s_✓p_✓l_✓a_✓y_✓n_✓a_✓m_✓e
Create the _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s window on the display specified
by _✓d_✓i_✓s_✓p_✓l_✓a_✓y_✓n_✓a_✓m_✓e. Must be the first option speci-
fied in the command line.
1990 November 13 3
EMACS(1) EMACS(1)
-✓-n✓nw✓w Tells _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s not to use its special interface to X.
If you use this switch when invoking _✓E_✓m_✓a_✓c_✓s from an
_✓x_✓t_✓e_✓r_✓m(1) window, display is done in that window.
This must be the first option specified in the
command line.